To this point I have focussed on the development from long bony tailed pterosaurs (rhamphorhynchids) to long bony tailed scansoriopterygids (eg scansoriopteryx).
I have not followed on from there to whether long bony tailed Paraves became short bony tailed pygostylia. I suggest they did not.
And I have not talked about the short tailed pterodactylids.
I suggest they are related. Short tailed pterosaurs (eg pterodactylids) developed into short bony tailed scansoriopterygids (eg epidexipteryx). Which then developed into pygostylia.
Nature experimented with various forms of flight. A big challenge was transitioning from long bony tail to short bony tail. This was accomplished WITHIN pterosaur lineage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pterodactyloidea
"Pterodactyloidea is traditionally considered to be the group of short-tailed pterosaurs with long wrists (metacarpus), compared with the relatively long tails and short wrist bones of basal pterosaurs ("rhamphorhynchoids")."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scansoriopterygidae
"Epidexipteryx had a short tail (70% the length of the torso), anchoring long tail feathers, while Scansoriopteryx had a very long tail (over three times as long as the torso) with a short spray of feathers at the tip."
http://videos.vega.org.uk/vmc4msmith.mp4
ReplyDeletehttps://www.nature.com/articles/nature13467
ReplyDeleteThis indicates that the origin of flight in avialans was more complex than previously thought and might have involved several convergent achievements of aerial abilities.